Long Subtraction Calculator
Subtract whole numbers with the standard column method, showing each borrow (regrouping) step. If the result would be negative, the numbers are swapped and the sign noted.
Inputs explained
- Minuend (number to subtract from) — The starting whole number.
- Subtrahend (number to subtract) — The whole number being taken away.
How to use it
- Fill in the fields above — each input has a hint describing exactly what to enter
- Press Calculate to get your result instantly, right on this page
- Copy the result, save the tool to favorites, or share and embed it anywhere
Understanding the result
Example: 502 − 178 = 324: in the ones column 2 becomes 12 after borrowing, and 12 − 8 = 4.
Frequently asked questions
What happens if I enter a subtrahend larger than the minuend? The calculator swaps the two numbers, performs the subtraction, and labels the result as negative, since long subtraction by hand isn't normally shown with a larger number on the bottom.
Why does borrowing turn a 2 into a 12 in the example? Borrowing takes one unit from the next column to the left, adding 10 to the current digit, which is why 2 becomes 12 before subtracting 8 to get 4.
Is the Long Subtraction Calculator free to use? Yes — it is completely free, with no sign-up, no download and no usage limits. You can use it as often as you need.
Is my data private? Yes. The calculation runs entirely in your browser — the values you enter are never sent to our servers, stored or shared with anyone.
What information do I need? Just the following: Minuend (number to subtract from), Subtrahend (number to subtract). Each field includes a hint explaining exactly what to enter.
Can I use it on my phone? Yes — the tool is fully responsive and works on any device, and the same calculator is available in the EasyWorkCalcs mobile app.
Privacy
Everything you enter into the Long Subtraction Calculator is processed entirely in your browser. Nothing is uploaded, stored or shared — your data stays on your device.